Enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo omele uzazi "yiNqanaba leSakhelo" ukufunda inkqubo yokuveliswa kwevidiyo.Ngaphambi kokuba sithethe ngereyithi yesakhelo, kufuneka siqale siqonde umgaqo wopopayi (ividiyo) umboniso.Iividiyo esizibukelayo zenziwe luthotho lwemifanekiso emileyo.Ekubeni umahluko phakathi komfanekiso ngamnye omileyo mncinane kakhulu, xa loo mifanekiso ijongwe ngesantya esithile, imifanekiso eshukumayo edanyazayo inika ukubonakala kwiretina yeliso lomntu nto leyo ephumela kwividiyo esiyibukelayo.Yaye ngamnye kuloo mfanekiso ubizwa ngokuba “sisakhelo.”
"Isakhelo ngeSekondi nganye" okanye into ebizwa ngokuba yi "fps" ithetha ukuba mingaphi imifanekiso yezakhelo kwividiyo nganye.Umzekelo, i-60fps ithetha ukuba iqulethe iifreyimu ezingama-60 zemifanekiso emileyo ngomzuzwana.Ngokutsho kophando, inkqubo yokubonwa komntu iyakwazi ukucubungula i-10 ukuya kwi-12 imifanekiso ngesekhondi, ngelixa iifreyimu ezininzi ngesekhondi zibonwa njengentshukumo.Xa umlinganiselo wesakhelo ungaphezulu kwe-60fps, kunzima kwisixokelelwano sokubonwa komntu ukuba siqaphele umahluko omncinane kumfanekiso oshukumayo.Kule mihla, uninzi lwemveliso yeemuvi lusebenza kwi-24fps.
Yintoni iNkqubo ye-NTSC kunye neNkqubo ye-PAL?
Xa umabonwakude esiza emhlabeni, umabonwakude naye wayitshintsha ifomathi yesakhelo sevidiyo.Ekubeni i-monitor ibonisa imifanekiso ngokukhanyisa, ireyithi yefreyimu ngesekhondi ichazwa ngokuba mingaphi imifanekiso enokuskenwa phakathi komzuzwana omnye.Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokuskena umfanekiso-"Ukuskena okuQhubekayo" kunye "nokuSkena okuHlangeneyo."
Ukuskena okuqhubekileyo kukwabhekiselwa kuko njengokuskena okungadityaniswanga, kwaye yifomathi yokubonisa apho yonke imigca yesakhelo ngasinye izotywe ngolandelelwano.Ukusetyenziswa kokuskena okudityanisiweyo kubangelwa kukuthintelwa komthamo wesiginali.Ividiyo edibeneyo isebenzisa iinkqubo zikamabonwakude ze-analog.Kufuneka iskena imigca enamanani-amanani angaqhelekanga yentsimi yomfanekiso kuqala kwaye emva koko iye kwimigca elinganayo yebala lomfanekiso.Ngokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza imifanekiso emibini "yesiqingatha-isakhelo" yenza ukuba ifane nomfanekiso opheleleyo.
Ngokwale thiyori ingentla, u-“p” uthetha ukuSkena okuQhubekayo, kwaye u-“i” umele i-Interlaced Scanning.I-"1080p 30" ithetha isisombululo esigcweleyo se-HD (1920×1080), esenziwe ngama-30 "isakhelo esipheleleyo" esiqhubekayo sokuskena ngomzuzwana.Kwaye “i-1080i 60” ithetha ukuba umfanekiso we-HD ePheleleyo wenziwe ngama-60 “ezakhelo ezinesiqingatha” ezithungelanayo ngomzuzwana.
Ukunqanda ukuphazamiseka kunye nengxolo eveliswa yimiqondiso yangoku kunye neye-TV kwiifrikhwensi ezahlukeneyo, iKomiti yeSizwe yeTevision System (NTSC) e-USA iye yaphuhlisa i-interlaced scanning frequency ukuze ibe yi-60Hz, efana ne-alternating current (AC) frequency.Le yindlela iireyithi zesakhelo ze-30fps kunye ne-60fps zenziwa ngayo.Inkqubo ye-NTSC isebenza e-USA naseKhanada, eJapan, eKorea, kwiiPhilippines naseTaiwan.
Ukuba ulumkele, ngaba ukhe uziphawule ezinye izixhobo zevidiyo inqaku le-29.97 kunye ne-59.94 fps kwi-specs?Amanani angaqhelekanga kungenxa yokuba xa umabonwakude wombala wayeyilwa, uphawu lombala longezwa kumqondiso wevidiyo.Nangona kunjalo, ukuphindaphinda kophawu lombala kugqwesa kunye nophawu lomsindo.Ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwevidiyo kunye neempawu zomsindo, iinjineli zaseMelika ziphantsi kwe-0.1% ye-30fps.Ke, ireyithi yefreyimu yemibala yeTV yatshintshwa ukusuka kwi-30fps ukuya kwi-29.97fps, kwaye i-60fps yatshintshwa yaba yi-59.94fps.
Thelekisa inkqubo ye-NTSC, umenzi weTV waseJamani iTelefunken uye waphuhlisa inkqubo yePAL.Inkqubo ye-PAL ithatha i-25fps kunye ne-50fps kuba i-AC frequency yi-50 Hertz (Hz).Kwaye amazwe amaninzi aseYurophu (ngaphandle kweFransi), amazwe akuMbindi Mpuma, kunye neChina asebenzisa inkqubo yePAL.
Namhlanje, imboni yosasazo isebenzisa i-25fps (inkqubo ye-PAL) kunye ne-30fps (inkqubo ye-NTSC) njengereyithi yesakhelo sokuveliswa kwevidiyo.Ekubeni ukuphindaphinda kwamandla e-AC ahlukile ngommandla kunye nelizwe, ke qiniseka ukuseta inkqubo efanelekileyo ehambelanayo ngaphambi kokudubula ividiyo.Shoot ividiyo ngenkqubo engalunganga, umzekelo, ukuba udubula ividiyo kunye nesantya sesakhelo senkqubo yePAL eNyakatho Melika, uya kufumanisa ukuba umfanekiso uyafinyaza.
I-Shutter kunye ne-Frame Rate
Ireyithi yesakhelo inxulumene kakhulu nesantya sokuvala.I "Speed Speed Shutter" kufuneka iphindwe kabini iNqanaba leSakhelo, okukhokelela ekuboneni okubonakalayo emehlweni abantu.Umzekelo, xa ividiyo isebenzisa i-30fps, icebisa ukuba isantya sokuvala ikhamera sisetelwe kwi-1/60 imizuzwana.Ukuba ikhamera inokudubula kwi-60fps, isantya sokuvala ikhamera kufuneka sibe yi-1/125 yesibini.
Xa isantya se-shutter sicotha kakhulu kwireyithi yefreyimu, umzekelo, ukuba isantya sokuvala sibekwe kwi-1/10 yesibini ukudubula ividiyo ye-30fps, umbukeli uya kubona intshukumo emfiliba kwividiyo.Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba isantya se-shutter siphezulu kakhulu kwireyithi yesakhelo, umzekelo, ukuba isantya sokuvala sibekwe kwi-1/120 yesibini yokudubula ividiyo ye-30fps, ukuhamba kwezinto kuya kubonakala njengeerobhothi ngokungathi zirekhodwe kwindawo yokumisa. intshukumo.
Usetyenziswa njani umlinganiselo wesakhelo esifanelekileyo
Ireyithi yesakhelo sevidiyo inefuthe elimandla kwindlela ividiyo ejongeka ngayo, emisela ukuba ividiyo ibonakala iyinyani kangakanani na.Ukuba isifundo sokuveliswa kwevidiyo sisifundo esingatshintshiyo, njengeprogram yesemina, ukurekhoda kweentetho, kunye nenkomfa yevidiyo, kungaphezulu kokwaneleyo ukudubula ividiyo nge-30fps.Ividiyo ye-30fps ibonisa intshukumo yendalo njengamava okubonwa komntu.
Ukuba ufuna ividiyo ibenomfanekiso ocacileyo ngelixa idlala ngokucothayo, ungayidubula ividiyo nge60fps.Uninzi lwabachwephesha bevidiyo abachwepheshile basebenzisa ireyithi ephezulu yesakhelo ukudubula ividiyo kwaye basebenzise i-fps esezantsi kwimveliso yasemva ukuvelisa ividiyo ehamba kancinci.Esi sicelo singasentla sesinye seendlela eziqhelekileyo zokudala umoya wothando ngobuhle ngevidiyo ehamba kancinci.
Ukuba ufuna ukukhenkceza izinto kwintshukumo enesantya esiphezulu, kuya kufuneka udubule ividiyo nge-120fps.Thatha imovie "Billy Lynn kuMbindi" umzekelo.Umboniso bhanya-bhanya ufotwe ngu-4K 120fps.Ividiyo enesisombululo esiphezulu inokubonisa ngokucacileyo iinkcukacha zemifanekiso, enjengothuli kunye nokutshizwa kobutyobo kwimipu, kunye nentlantsi yeziqhushumbisi, ukubonelela abaphulaphuli umbono onomtsalane obonakalayo ngokungathi babekhona buqu kwindawo.
Okokugqibela, singathanda ukukhumbuza abafundi kufuneka basebenzise ireyithi yesakhelo esifanayo ukudubula iividiyo kwiprojekthi enye.Iqela lobuchwephesha kufuneka lijonge ukuba ikhamera nganye isebenzisa ireyithi yesakhelo esifanayo ngelixa lenza i-EFP workflow.Ukuba iKhamera A isebenzisa i-30fps, kodwa iKhamera B isebenzisa i-60fps, ngoko ke abaphulaphuli abakrelekrele baya kuqaphela ukuba intshukumo yevidiyo ayihambelani.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-22-2022